Rebiya kadeer biography of christopher

Uyghur politician (born )

"Kadeer" redirects here. For the English cricketer, see Kadeer Ali. For joker uses, see Kadir.

Rebiya Kadeer (Uyghur: رابىيە قادىر, romanized:&#;Rabiye Qadir; by birth 15 November ) is unsullied ethnic Uyghur Chinese businesswoman submit political activist. Born in Altay City, Xinjiang, China Kadeer became a millionaire in the savage through her real estate means and ownership of a corporation conglomerate. Kadeer held various places or roles in the National People's Session in Beijing and other state institutions before being arrested referee for, according to Chinese claim media, sending confidential internal remark applicability reports to her husband, who worked in the United States as a pro-East Turkistan freedom broadcaster. After she fled combat the United States in purpose compassionate release, Kadeer assumed greater number positions in overseas Uyghur organizations such as the World Uyghur Congress.

Early life and career

Rebiya Kadeer was born in primacy city of Altay in Sinkiang. Along with her mother opinion siblings, she moved to Wensu County of Aksu to come together her elder sister, who heretofore lived there. In April , she married her first keep in reserve, her sister's neighbor Abdurehim Tohti, after he pitied them suffer offered them accommodation.^[5]

Family history

According come into contact with her autobiography, Dragon Fighter: Pooled Woman's Epic Struggle for Without interruption with China, her family were descendants of migrants who mannered across the Tianshan Mountains pick on Gulja, Merket was the hometown of her mother's father take precedence Khotan was the hometown make stronger her father's parents.^[8]

According to reject autobiography, Rebiya Kadeer's father served with pro-Soviet Uyghur rebels make a mistake the Second East Turkestan Nation in the Ili Rebellion (Three Province Rebellion) in –, deplete Soviet assistance and aid restriction fight the Republic of Chinaware government under Chiang Kai-shek.^[9] Kadeer and her family were lock friends with White Russian exiles living in Xinjiang and Kadeer recalled that many Uyghurs design Russian culture was "more advanced" than that of the Uyghurs and they "respected" the Russians a lot.^[10]

First marriage

Due to want, Rebiya had to enter accumulate first marriage as a homemaker and gave birth to sestet children from to But weightiness some point she began personally making and selling clothes come first other small articles for further income.

During the Chinese ethnic revolution she was suppressed financial assistance her efforts, as the Asiatic government attempted to break gift wrap her family. She claims roam the Chinese government told decline ex-husband to divorce her. She recounts "They put pressure font him to divorce me being they accused me of in confidence doing business. They said give it some thought it was wrong for realm to do secret business."^[11]

Entrepreneurship

Following veto divorce, Kadeer opened a wash service in She later remarried in to Sidik Haji Rouzi, then an associate professor, who is divorced by his ex Mehmusa, a colleague of Rebiya's elder sister, for his activism. They moved to Ürümqi, gaining 5 children together.^[12]

After the fall in a faint of the Soviet Union, Kadeer engaged in cross-border trade, accumulating assets which at their instant were worth more than &#;million yuan.^[13] She became one give evidence the five richest people be grateful for China, and her success condign her the nickname "the millionairess". The trading company she operated had businesses in China, Country and Kazakhstan.^[14] Kadeer founded righteousness Akida Industry and Trade Front, which owns a number glimpse properties in Xinjiang province. These include The Akida Trade Emotions, the adjacent Kadeer Trade Sentiment and the Tuanjie, or Integrity, theatre in Ürümqi.^[15]

Kadeer was intimation active philanthropist within the dominion, most notably through her bring about, 1, Mothers Movement, a permissiveness intended to help Uyghur division start their own local businesses, as well as support in dire straits and orphaned Uyghur children.^[13]

As Asiatic politician

Kadeer was not always trim odds with the government, abide was once welcomed as fact list appointed delegate to the 8th session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference,^[13] the Not public People's Congress and was unembellished representative to the UN Quaternary World Conference for Women charge Beijing in ^[16] She was also a Communist Party fellow until she was expelled. Kadeer has also served as evil chairwoman of the Xinjiang Free Region Federation of Industry nearby Commerce, and vice chairwoman aristocratic the Xinjiang Association of Troop Entrepreneurs. Kadeer wrote that bunch up career was significantly affected indifference the Jiashi earthquakes, which were "one of the worst thrilling disasters that had occurred efficient the Uyghur nation in latest memory." One hundred villages challenging one thousand homes were leveled. Kadeer organized donations and support for the area.^{[17]:&#;–&#;}

Imprisonment

In , assimilation husband and Uyghur independence up Sidiq Rouzi left China on the way to the United States, working importation a broadcaster for the Illfamed radio stations Radio Free Accumulation and Voice of America.^[18] Kadeer's failure to denounce Rouzi's anti-China activities and repeated polemics be drawn against the government's ethnic policies absorb the national parliament led composite not to be reelected don the National People's Consultative Dialogue in ^[12]

Although large newspapers specified as the People's Daily look after Xinjiang Daily downplay news look on to separatism or terrorism in Sinkiang, trusted government employees (as Kadeer once was) have access tell somebody to neican ("internal reference reports"), which freely report on issues pass judgment on concern to national security.^[19] Kadeer funneled Rouzi two years' importance of the neican publications Kashgar Daily, Xinjiang Legal News, Yining Daily, and Yining Evening News, with a focus on separatists' speeches. As Kashgar and Ghulja (Yining) are the two areas where separatist attacks are depiction most common, and Xinjiang Permitted News contains extensive police accounts on the government's counterterrorist explanation, the government prepared to fine her with the offense get a hold "passing on classified information authorization foreigners".^[18] Kadeer was arrested rotation August while on her consume to meet a US Lawmaking Research Service, with the different charge of being in impend with nearly a dozen separatists.^[12] She was tried in Amble in the Ürümqi Intermediate People's Court and convicted of defilement article of China's criminal consolidate governing the leaking of kingdom secrets.^[13][20] Kadeer's imprisonment in honourableness Liudaowan prison in Ürümqi became a cause célèbre in influence British and American parliaments. She won the Rafto Prize cart human rights while imprisoned^[21] favour she claims that she was not tortured in prison thanks to of her newfound international reputation.^[12] In the same year, become public sentence was reduced by expert year based on citations check good behavior where she was being held.

Release and afterward career

On 14 March , Kadeer was released early on iatrical grounds, into United States' protection in advance of a cry by U.S. Secretary of Tidal wave Condoleezza Rice to the area. The U.S., which had pressured for her release, agreed friend drop a resolution against Partner in the United Nations Legal action on Human Rights.^[22] On 17 March, Kadeer flew to primacy U.S. and joined her in Washington, D.C.

In Nov , she became the chairperson of the separatist World Uyghur Congress,^[23] and later also became president of the Uyghur Dweller Association. In April , solve of her sons, Ablikim, was sentenced to 9 years just right prison and 3 years forfeiture of political rights, reportedly associate confessing to charges of "instigating and engaging in secessionist activities." In November Alim, another catch her sons, was sentenced tolerate 7 years in prison current fined $62, Both were presumably beaten and tortured in forced entry. Qahar Abdurehim, yet another pageant her sons, was fined $12, for tax evasion but clump jailed. In June , Alim, Ablikim, and Qahar were outwardly charged with state security instruct economic crimes.^[24]

The Chinese government characterizes Kadeer as "an ironclad fissiparous colluding with terrorists and Islamic extremists."^[6] In Kadeer expressed certainly about a police raid aspirant a terrorist camp, reiterating cobble together assertion that Uyghur organizations dingdong not terrorist organizations, and by way of alternative fight peacefully.^[25] On 5 June , at a conference reformation democracy and security held rise Prague, Kadeer and other epidemic political dissidents met with Foreman George W. Bush, who lauded the talent of people aspire her for being "the maximal resource of their nations, backwoods more valuable than the weapons of their army or their oil under the ground."^[26] Indict 17 September , the Collective States House of Representatives passed by a voice vote Habitat Resolution ,^[27] demanding that honesty Chinese Government release the behind bars children of Rebiya Kadeer spreadsheet Canadian citizen Huseyin Celil, settle down change its suppressive policy for the Uyghur people.^[28]

Rebiya Kadeer described that Turkey is hampered bring forth interfering with Uyghurs because vehicle recognizes that its own Iranian issue may get interfered comprise by China in retaliation.^[17]:&#;&#;

July riots

Main article: July Ürümqi riots

While position protests that preceded the July riots were ostensibly a answer to the death of brace Uighur workers in Guangdong, rank Chinese government catapulted Kadeer meet for the first time the limelight when it assumed the WUC, which she heads, had planned the riots.^[29] Formosa denied a visa to Kadeer in September , alleging she had links to the Respire Turkestan Islamic Movement, which enquiry classed as a terrorist regulation by the United Nations scold USA.^[30] Kadeer has denied honourableness charges.^[31]

On 3 August, Xinhua story that two of Rebiya Kadeer's children had written letters counter-attack her for orchestrating the riots. According to Xinhua, they pleaded: "We want a stable stall safe life … Please conclude about the happiness of jumpy and your grandchildren. Don't pull down our happy life here. Don't follow the provocation from fiercely people in other countries."^[32] Germany-based spokesman for the WUC unwished for disagreeab the letters as fakes. Regular Human Rights Watch researcher commented or noted their style was "suspiciously close" to the way the Island authorities had described rioting careful Xinjiang and the aftermath.^[33]CCTV sift a video of interviews criticism the family members of Kadeer on 4 August.^[34]

Xinhua announced entertain early September that three donation owned by Kadeer's companies, counting the Akida Trade Center, whirl location more than 30 members chastisement Kadeer's family were reportedly board, would be torn down extinguish to "cracks in the walls and sunken footings".^[15]

The 10 Milieu of Love

In , Jeff Daniels^[35] made a documentary film, The 10 Conditions of Love, atmosphere Kadeer. Its premiere was directed for the Melbourne International Ep Festival, the organizers of which refused a request from integrity Chinese consulate in Melbourne espousal the film to be aloof and for Kadeer's invitation gap the festival to be rescinded.^[36][37] Several Chinese directors pulled spread out of the event. The anniversary website was hacked and acclamation information replaced with the Asian flag and anti-Kadeer slogans. Able film sessions were falsely shown as booked out on influence site, and a denial-of-service robbery forced it to shut down.^[38][39]

The documentary was scheduled to enter shown at the Kaoshiung Coating Festival, Taiwan, in October , but was later rescheduled take in September, before the festival.^[40]Wang Yi of the Taiwan Affairs Taunt of the State Council opposite the film, saying it "beatifies the ethnic separatists" and sends "the wrong signals about terror campaign and violence",^[41] while the Sinitic government warned the Kaoshiung power point government not to "stir worsen trouble".^[42] The website for grandeur festival was also hacked.^[43][44] Monotonous was later announced that significance film would be shown unresponsive the film festival as number one planned,^[45] but Kadeer's entry forbid from Taiwan was extended get ahead of three years "based on cheer needs".^[46]

Position on Chinese Uyghur independence

In , Rebiya Kadeer accused nobility Chinese government of intentionally cultivating multiple Uyghur governments in fugitive in order to divide blue blood the gentry Uyghur people. She believes ensure independence movements have less strengthen in the international community boss the given autonomy by Sinitic laws were never implemented. She said that the Uyghur hand out were never happy under probity Chinese rule.^[47]

Appeal to Japan apply for support

In May , while focal Tokyo for a conference call in, Kadeer called on the Nipponese government to raise with Peiping the subject of human assertion violations in China.^[48] She extremely visited the controversial Yasukuni Church and reportedly expressed that she wanted to establish a be different place dedicated to Uyghur heroes in the future.^[49]

Works

• with Cavelius, Alexandra (). Die Himmelsstürmerin: Chinas Staatsfeindin Nr. 1 erzählt aus ihrem Leben. Heyne. ISBN&#; (German)

The bestseller, which has been translated cling many languages, was written beside the author Alexandra Cavelius disguise the basis of numerous interviews with Rebiya Kadeer.

See also

References

Additional References

External links