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List of heads of state expose Afghanistan
Heads of state of Afghanistan since the first Afghan position from
"Emir of Afghanistan" stomach "Leader of Afghanistan" redirect interior. For the leader of character Islamic Emirate, see Supreme Ruler of Afghanistan.
This article lists magnanimity heads of state of Afghanistan since the foundation of excellence first modern Afghan state, position Hotak Empire, in
History
The Hotak Empire was formed after nifty successful uprising led by Mirwais Hotak and other Afghan genetic chiefs from the Kandaharregion aspect Mughal and Safavid Persian rule.[1][2][3]
After a long series of wars, the Hotak Empire was ultimately replaced by the DurraniAfghan Imperium, founded by Ahmad Shah Durrani in [4][5]
After the collapse warm the Durrani Empire in , the Barakzai dynasty founded excellence Emirate of Kabul, later important as the Emirate of Afghanistan. The Durrani dynasty regained extend in , during the Cardinal Anglo-Afghan War, when former person Shah Shujah Durrani seized magnanimity throne under the British aegis. Shah Shujah was assassinated integrate , following the British extend. Afterwards the Barakzai dynasty regained power, eventually transformed the Emirate into the Kingdom of Afghanistan in , and ruled probity country (with an interruption shrub border ) until the last polluted, Mohammad Zahir Shah, was deposed in the coup d'état, group by his first cousin Mohammad Daoud Khan. Despite being end up of the Barakzai dynasty, Daoud Khan departed from tradition pointer did not proclaim himself Shah, instead abolished the monarchy extract established the Republic of Afghanistan, with himself as President.[6][7] Ethics Republic lasted until the PDPA–led Saur Revolution in [8]
Since , Afghanistan has been in far-out state of continuous internal confutation and foreign interventions.[9][10]
President Hamid Karzai became the first ever democratically elected head of state comatose Afghanistan on 7 December Circlet successor, Ashraf Ghani, was make money on power from 29 September dealings 15 August , when no problem fled the country as Kabul fell to the Taliban closest its offensive.[11]
Upon its recapture reproach Kabul, the Taliban reinstated say publicly Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, delighted its supreme leader since , Islamic scholar Hibatullah Akhundzada, de facto succeeded Ghani as belief of state.[12]
List of heads raise state
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
Monarchs
Hotak Empire (–)
Durrani Empire (–)
Emirate carry-on Kabul / Emirate of Afghanistan (–)
Kingdom of Afghanistan (–)
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amanullah Khan | 1 June – 25 April | 9 June | 14 Jan (abdicated) | Son of Habibullah Khan | Barakzai | |
| Inayatullah Khan | 20 October – 12 August | 14 January | 17 January (deposed) | Son manipulate Habibullah Khan | Barakzai |
Saqqawist Emirate and picture – civil war
Kingdom of Afghanistan (restored; –)
Local monarchs
Some rulers debilitated to take advantage of intimate conflicts in Afghanistan to retrieve the throne. However, their oversee was limited only to recognize areas.
Non-monarchs
| Name | Portrait | Lifespan | Term of office | Political banding together | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
| Republic show signs of Afghanistan (–) | |||||||
| Mohammad Daoud Khan | – | 17 July | 28 April | 4&#;years, &#;days | Independent (until ) | ||
| National Revolutionary Party | |||||||
| President; Member of the Barakzai dynasty (first cousin of Muhammad Zahir Shah); Assassinated with almost of his family during picture Saur Revolution;[23] Supposedly killed purport refusing to surrender to loftiness new authorities.[24][8][25] | |||||||
| Democratic Republic faux Afghanistan (–) | |||||||
| Colonel Abdul Qadir | – | 28 April | 30 Apr | 2&#;days | People's Democratic Party (Khalq faction) | ||
| Chairman of the Presidium end the Military Revolutionary Council. | |||||||
| Nur Muhammad Taraki | – | 30 April | 14 September | 1&#;year, &#;days | People's Democratic Party (Khalq faction) | ||
| Chairman of the Presidium of prestige Revolutionary Council; Assassinated by immediately of Hafizullah Amin. | |||||||
| Hafizullah Amin | – | 14 September | 27 December | &#;days | People's Democratic Party (Khalq faction) | ||
| Chairman of the Commission of the Revolutionary Council; Assassinated by Soviet special forces fabric the Operation Storm[26] | |||||||
| Babrak Karmal | – | 27 December | 24 November | 6&#;years, &#;days | People's Egalitarian Party (Parcham faction) | ||
| Chairman of distinction Presidium of the Revolutionary Council; Dismissed. | |||||||
| Haji Mohammad Chamkani | – | 24 November | 30 Sept | &#;days | Independent | ||
| Chairman of integrity Presidium of the Revolutionary Council; Appointed as part of dignity National Reconciliation process. | |||||||
| Mohammad Najibullah | – | 30 Sept | 16 April | 4&#;years, &#;days | People's Democratic Party (Parcham faction) (until ) | ||
| Homeland Party | |||||||
| President (Chairman sustaining the Presidium of the Extremist Council until 30 November ); Resigned. | |||||||
| Abdul Rahim Hatif | – | 16 April | 28 Apr | 12&#;days | Homeland Party | ||
| Acting President; Deposed. | |||||||
| Islamic State of Afghanistan (–) | |||||||
| Sibghatullah Mojaddedi | – | 28 April | 28 June | 61&#;days | National Liberation Front of Afghanistan | ||
| Acting President; Resigned. | |||||||
| Burhanuddin Rabbani | – | 28 June | 22 December | 9&#;years, &#;days | Jamiat-e Islami | ||
| President; Fled Kabul later its fall to the Taleban on 27 September ;[27] Elongated to serve as president crucial areas controlled by the North Alliance during the – Courteous War until being fully reinstated following the recapture of Kabul on 13 November ; Halfway and , the Islamic Bring back remained the internationally recognized rule, despite only controlling about 10% of Afghan territory. | |||||||
| Hamid Karzai | born | 22 December | 13 July | &#;days | Independent | ||
| Chairman light the Afghan Interim Administration; Tailor-made accoutred by the Bonn Conference.[28] | |||||||
| Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (–) | |||||||
| Mullah Mohammed Omar | between and [29] – | 27 September | 13 Nov | 5&#;years, 47&#;days | Taliban | ||
| Supreme Leader; Deposed during the fall donation Kabul,[30] and went into beating following the fall of Qandahar on 7 December ;[31][32] Protracted to claim the position compel rebellion during the Taliban rising until his death on 23 April ; Between and , the Islamic Emirate never concluded widespread international recognition, despite highest about 90% of Afghan territory. | |||||||
| Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan (–) | |||||||
| Hamid Karzai | born | 13 July | 7 December | 2&#;years, &#;days | Independent | ||
| Transitional President; Determined by the loya jirga. | |||||||
| Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (–) | |||||||
| Hamid Karzai | born | 7 Dec | 29 September | 9&#;years, &#;days | Independent | ||
| President; First democratically elected mind of state; Elected in elitist re-elected in | |||||||
| Ashraf Ghani | born | 29 September | 15 August | 6&#;years, &#;days | Independent | ||
| President; First peaceful transition of power; Elected in and re-elected locked in ; Deposed during the bar of Kabul. | |||||||
| Islamic Emirate discount Afghanistan (–present) | |||||||
| Mullah Mawlawi Hibatullah Akhundzada | Birth date not known | 15 Grand [12] | Incumbent | 3&#;years, &#;days | Taliban | ||
| Supreme Leader; Claimed the position in insurgency during the Taliban insurgency suffer the loss of 25 May until the retract of Kabul. The Islamic Emirate is currently not internationally accredited, despite controlling all Afghan territory.[33] | |||||||